Ọktoba 4, 2026
Agụmakwụkwọ ego nwere ike iweta ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ọrụ na-enweghị isi n'ime akụ na ụba?
Edemede site na Dr. Jeffrey Dickinson
Akụkọ na-adịbeghị anya sitere na Pakistan banyere ọnụego ha dị ala nke agụmakwụkwọ ego dọtara anya m. Ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ ahụ akọwaghị ụzọ kpatara ya, ndị dere akụkọ ahụ na-ewelite ajụjụ na-adọrọ mmasị: imeziwanye agụmakwụkwọ ego nwere ike ịgbanwe ọrụ akụ na ụba site na agụmakwụkwọ na-enweghị isi gaa n' (Rauf na Ali 2026)usoro? Na Pakistan, ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ ego dị ala. Naanị 18% ndị okenye Pakistan enweghị akaụntụ akụ dị ka data World Bank Global Findex Database 2025 si kwuo. Ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na akaụntụ akụ na Pakistan na-apụtakwa nke ọma ebe naanị 9.5% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere akaụntụ ụlọ akụ.
Otu akwụkwọ a ma ama nke Dupas na Robinson (2013) na-egosi na ụmụ nwanyị na-erite uru dị ukwuu site n'inwe akaụntụ ego. Inwe akaụntụ na-enyere aka ichebe ego ha pụọ na mmetụta ndị dị n'èzí na izu ohi. Dabere na nnyocha ahụ, o doro anya na ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị gburugburu ụwa ga-erite uru site n'inwe akaụntụ ego, ọkachasị na ọnụ ala ma ọ bụ na-enweghị ego.
Nke ahụ na-ahapụ ọtụtụ ohere maka uto n'ihe gbasara ihe ọmụma ego nke ndị Pakistan niile, ọ bụghị naanị ụmụ nwanyị Pakistani. Nke ahụ bụ ebe Dollar Scholars na-abata igwu egwu. Nkuzi Dollar Scholars na weebụsaịtị adịlarị na Urdu, asụsụ a na-asụ na Pakistan, yana asụsụ gọọmentị Pakistan, ọ bụ ezie na e nwere asụsụ ndị ọzọ.
Ma ọ bụ ịba ụba agụmakwụkwọ ego nwere ike ịkwaga ụlọ ọrụ ịgbanwe site na informality gaa na usoro? Ma ọ bụ ndị ọrụ na-agbanwe site na ịbụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi? Ọtụtụ mgbe, agụmakwụkwọ ga-ejikọta ya na nhọrọ nke ọrụ iwu ma ọ bụ nke na-enweghị isi. A nwalebeghị agụmakwụkwọ ego dị ka ihe dị nso maka nhọrọ ọrụ na-enweghị isi. Agbanyeghị, ọ naghị esiri ike iche n'echiche na agụmakwụkwọ ego ka ukwuu metụtara ụtụ isi nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-akpali ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ ịkwaga site na ọrụ akụ na ụba na-enweghị isi. E nwere akwụkwọ siri ike banyere akụ na ụba na-enweghị isi. David McKenzie na ndị ọzọ arụsila ọrụ ike iji nyochaa ihe nwere ike ime ka ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu tinye aka na akụ na ụba na-enweghị isi karịa nke iwu. Lee ntụaka ndị dị n'okpuru ebe a maka ịgụkwu ihe banyere isiokwu a.
N'ọdịnihu, a ga-anọgide na-enwe ọtụtụ ajụjụ gbasara ngalaba na-enweghị atụ. Dollar Scholars anaghị apụ apụ yabụ anyị ga-aga n'ihu na-agbasi mbọ ike ajụjụ a banyere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti agụmakwụkwọ ego na ndị ọrụ na-enweghị isi na ụlọ ọrụ. Anyị na-eme atụmatụ ịgakwuru ndị dere akụkọ ahụ site na Pakistan iji rụkọta ọrụ ma kesaa ozi.
Akwụkwọ
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