Ra ile kan ati ki o gba owo kan · Ẹkọ 2 ti 3
Down Payment Help and Loan Types in DC, Maryland, and Virginia
Compare common loan types, find down payment and closing cost help in DC, Maryland, and Virginia, understand mortgage insurance, and work out your cash to close.
Ti pari lori ẹrọ yii
Awọn apakan ti ẹkọ yii ko ti tumọ si ede rẹ sibẹsibẹ, nitorinaa wọn han ni ede Gẹẹsi.
Ninu ẹkọ yii
Ohun tí wàá kọ́
- Compare conventional, FHA, VA, and USDA loans and their minimum down payments.
- Find down payment and closing cost help in DC, Maryland, and Virginia, and check each program's rules.
- Explain mortgage insurance and when private mortgage insurance can be removed.
- Calculate the cash you need at closing, with and without assistance.
Bawo ni eyi ṣe sopọ si awọn kilasi wa: Our class covers the kinds of mortgages and how they work. This lesson adds the local programs that can help DC-area buyers with the down payment, the rules to check, and a worked cash-to-close example.
Awọn ọrọ lati mọ
- Mora loan (Conventional loan)
- A yá ti o ti wa ni ko insurance tabi ẹri nipasẹ a ijoba ibẹwẹ. Ọpọlọpọ awọn ti wa ni ta si Fannie Mae tabi Freddie Mac.
- FHA loan
- A yá insurance nipasẹ awọn Federal Housing Administration, eyi ti o jẹ apakan ti HUD. O gba a kekere isalẹ owo sugbon idiyele yá insurance.
- Iṣeduro Iṣeduro Aladani (PMI) (Private mortgage insurance (PMI))
- Iṣeduro ti o daabobo ayanilowo, kii ṣe iwọ, ti o ba dawọ san awin aṣa kan. O jẹ dandan nigbagbogbo nigbati o ba fi kere ju 20%.
- Iranlọwọ isanwo isalẹ (Down payment assistance)
- Owo lati eto kan ti o ṣe iranlọwọ lati san isanwo isalẹ rẹ tabi awọn idiyele pipade. O le jẹ ẹbun ti o ko san pada, tabi awin kan.
- Loan ti a fi sori ẹrọ (Deferred loan)
- A loan pẹlu ko si oṣooṣu owo fun igba diẹ. O san o nigbamii, maa nigba ti o ba ta, refinance, tabi da ngbe ni ile.
- Owo lati pa (Cash to close)
- Lapapọ iye ti o gbọdọ mu wa si pipade: isanwo isalẹ rẹ ati awọn idiyele pipade, iyokuro eyikeyi awọn kirediti tabi iranlọwọ.
- Olutaja Ile Igba akọkọ (First-time homebuyer)
- Fun ọpọlọpọ awọn eto, eniyan ti ko ni ile ni ọdun mẹta sẹhin. Eto kọọkan ṣeto ofin tirẹ.
Loan types at a glance
Most buyers use one of four kinds of mortgage. The biggest differences are how much you must put down, who can qualify, and what kind of mortgage insurance you pay.
| Loan type | Down payment | Good to know |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional | As low as 3% for some loans | With less than 20% down, you usually pay PMI. You can remove PMI later. |
| FHA | As low as 3.5% | Has mortgage insurance, often for the life of the loan. Since May 25, 2025, non-permanent residents, such as people on work visas, cannot get FHA loans. |
| VA | No down payment for eligible buyers, if the price is not higher than the appraised value (a professional estimate of what the home is worth, ordered by the lender) | For eligible service members, veterans, and some surviving spouses. No monthly mortgage insurance, but you may pay a one-time funding fee. |
| USDA | No down payment for eligible buyers | For low- and moderate-income buyers in eligible rural areas. Homes in cities such as DC do not qualify. You can check an address on the USDA eligibility website. |
If you are not a U.S. citizen or green card holder, ask each lender which loans you can get. Rules for conventional loans are different from FHA rules, and some local lenders offer their own loans for ITIN borrowers. A housing counselor can help you find them. Since June 2026, federal regulators have asked banks to look more closely at customers who use an ITIN. Some may ask for more documents or say no, so ask before you apply.
Help in DC: HPAP and DC Open Doors
Home Purchase Assistance Program (HPAP)
The DC Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) runs HPAP, and the DC Housing Finance Agency (DCHFA) helps manage it. HPAP gives interest-free loans to help low- and moderate-income first-time buyers buy a home in DC.
- Who: first-time buyers. For HPAP, that means you have not owned any home or other residential property in the last three years. DC residents come first. Some people who have worked in DC for at least a year can also apply.
- Where: the home must be in DC, and it must be your main home.
- How much: it depends on your income and household size. DHCD updates its table every year.
- Repayment: lower-income buyers make no monthly payments. Moderate-income buyers start making payments in the sixth year. The whole loan is due if you sell, refinance (with some exceptions), or stop living in the home. To refinance means to take out a new mortgage to pay off your old one, often to get a lower rate.
- How to apply: through a community organization, such as Housing Counseling Services, the Latino Economic Development Center (LEDC), or MANNA.
HPAP money is limited. For fiscal year 2026, DHCD said it would help applicants first-come, first-served. Funding and rules can change each fiscal year. DC's fiscal year starts on October 1, so ask a counselor early about timing.
DC Open Doors
DC Open Doors, from DCHFA, offers home loans with down payment help for homes in DC. As of September 2026, its website said:
- First-time and repeat buyers can use it, and you do not need to live in DC now.
- There is an income limit, and the minimum credit score is 640.
- A down payment assistance loan can cover your full minimum down payment.
- That loan has 0% interest and no monthly payments. It is due after 30 years, or sooner if you sell, refinance, or stop living in the home.
Iranlọwọ ni Maryland ati Virginia
Maryland Mortgage Program (MMP)
- Awọn awin Anfani Akoko 1st jẹ fun awọn ti onra akoko akọkọ. Eyi pẹlu awọn eniyan ti ko ni ile akọkọ ni ọdun mẹta sẹhin. Diẹ ninu awọn ogbologbo ati diẹ ninu awọn ti onra ni awọn agbegbe ti a fojusi tun le yẹ.
- Awọn awin Flex jẹ fun awọn ti onra igba akọkọ tabi awọn ti onra atunṣe.
- Ọpọlọpọ awọn awin MMP wa pẹlu iranlọwọ isanwo isalẹ bi awin 0% ti a fi silẹ. Ni ọdun 2026, awọn aṣayan pẹlu alapin $ 6,000, tabi iye ti o dọgba si 3%, 4%, tabi 5% ti awin akọkọ. O san pada nigbati awin akọkọ ba pari, fun apẹẹrẹ nigbati o ba ta tabi refinance.
- Ti alabaṣepọ ti a fọwọsi, bii diẹ ninu awọn agbanisiṣẹ, fun ọ ni iranlọwọ, MMP le baamu rẹ pẹlu to $ 2,500 diẹ sii lori diẹ ninu awọn awin.
- Gbogbo ayanilowo gbọdọ gba kilasi ẹkọ ti a fọwọsi.
- Awọn awin pataki wa fun awọn ti onra ni Montgomery County ati Prince George's County.
- O beere nipasẹ ayanilowo ti a fọwọsi MMP.
Virginia Housing
- Virginia Housing ṣe awọn awin ile nipasẹ awọn ayanilowo ti a fọwọsi, pẹlu owo-wiwọle ati awọn opin idiyele.
- Ẹbun Iranlọwọ Isanwo Isanwo rẹ jẹ ẹbun otitọ, nitorinaa iwọ ko san pada. O jẹ fun awọn ti onra akoko akọkọ, ati fun awọn ti onra tun ni awọn agbegbe kan, ti o lo awin Virginia Housing ti o yẹ.
- Ifunni Iranlọwọ Iye Ipari le ṣe iranlọwọ fun awọn ti onra ti o gba awin VA tabi USDA nipasẹ Virginia Housing. O tun ko san pada.
- Ọpọlọpọ awọn awin Virginia Housing nilo kilasi ile ọfẹ rẹ. O le gba ni eniyan tabi lori ayelujara. Ẹkọ ori ayelujara gba to wakati mẹjọ.
Diẹ ninu awọn kaunti ati awọn ilu ni agbegbe naa tun nṣakoso awọn eto tiwọn. Oludamọran ile ti a fọwọsi HUD le sọ fun ọ eyi ti o baamu rẹ.
Awọn ofin lati ṣayẹwo ṣaaju ki o to gbẹkẹle iranlọwọ
Eto kọọkan ni awọn ofin tirẹ. Beere awọn ibeere wọnyi ṣaaju ki o to ṣe ifunni lori ile kan:
- Kini iye owo oya fun iwọn ile mi?
- Ṣe iye owo ile kan wa?
- Bawo ni eto naa ṣe ṣalaye olura igba akọkọ?
- Ṣe Mo nilo lati gbe ni ile bi ile akọkọ mi? Títí dìgbà wo?
- Ṣe kilasi olura ile nilo? Awọn kilasi wo ni o ka?
- Kín ni ìwọ̀n ìwédí tí ó kéré jùlọ àti DTI tí ó pọ̀ jù ni mo nílò?
- Èló nínú owó tí mo ní láti fi sí?
- Ṣe o jẹ awin tabi awin kan? Ti o ba jẹ awin kan, nigbawo ni o yẹ ki n san pada: nigbati mo ta, refinance, gbe jade, tabi lẹhin nọmba kan ti awọn ọdun?
- Ṣe Mo le darapọ mọ awọn eto miiran?
- Ṣe o gba awọn ti onra pẹlu ipo Iṣilọ mi tabi ITIN?
- Ṣé owó wà nísinsìnyí, àti pé ìgbà wo ni ìfọwọ́sí máa ń pẹ́?
- Awọn oludokoowo wo ni a gba lati lo eto yii?
Gba awọn idahun ni kikọ. Awọn ofin eto ati awọn iye dola yipada, nigbagbogbo ni ibẹrẹ ọdun inawo tuntun.
Iṣeduro Mortgage: PMI ati FHA Ere
Nigbati o ba fi owo kekere silẹ, ayanilowo gba eewu diẹ sii. Iṣeduro awin daabobo ayanilowo ti o ba dawọ sanwo. Ko daabobo rẹ, ṣugbọn o jẹ ohun ti o jẹ ki isanwo isalẹ kekere ṣee ṣe.
PMI lori awọn awin aṣa
Pẹlu kere ju 20% isalẹ lori awin aṣa, o maa n san iṣeduro awin ikọkọ (PMI) gẹgẹbi apakan ti isanwo oṣooṣu rẹ. Ofin Federal fun ọ ni awọn ọna pataki meji lati pari rẹ:
- O le beere lọwọ olutọju rẹ ni kikọ lati fagilee PMI nigbati iwọntunwọnsi awin rẹ ba ṣeto lati de ọdọ 80% ti iye atilẹba ti ile naa. O nilo itan-akọọlẹ isanwo ti o dara ati pe o gbọdọ pade awọn ipo miiran, bii fifihan pe ile ko padanu iye.
- Olutọju rẹ gbọdọ pari PMI laifọwọyi nigbati a ba ṣeto iwọntunwọnsi rẹ lati de 78% ti iye atilẹba, ti o ba wa lọwọlọwọ lori awọn sisanwo rẹ.
FHA yá insurance
Awọn awin FHA gba agbara awọn ere meji. Bi ti Oṣu Kẹsan ọdun 2026, Ere iwaju jẹ 1.75% ti iye awin naa, ati pe o le ṣafikun si awin naa. Ere lododun tun wa, ti a san gẹgẹ bi apakan ti isanwo oṣooṣu rẹ. Fun ọpọlọpọ awọn ti onra ti o fi 3.5% si isalẹ, ere lododun jẹ 0.55% ti awin naa, ati pe o duro fun igbesi aye awin naa. Ti o ba fi 10% tabi diẹ sii, o pari lẹhin ọdun 11. Diẹ ninu awọn oniwun nigbamii refinance sinu awin aṣa lati da sanwo rẹ.
$ 350,000 ile - $ 12,250 isalẹ = $ 337,750 kọni; $ 337,750 × 0.55% ÷ 12 = nipa $ 155 ni oṣu kan ni ibẹrẹ
Apẹẹrẹ
Ti tẹlẹ: Owo lati pa ile $ 350,000 kan
Mekdes n ṣiṣẹ ni ile-iwosan kan ni DC. O n ra condo $ 350,000 ni DC pẹlu awin FHA ati 3.5% isalẹ. Iṣiro awin rẹ fihan $ 10,500 ni awọn idiyele pipade, pẹlu awọn owo-ori ti a ti sanwo tẹlẹ ati iṣeduro. (Awọn idiyele pipade yatọ pupọ. Nọmba yii jẹ apẹẹrẹ nikan.)
$ 350,000 × 3.5% = $ 12,250 isanwo isalẹ
| Ohun kan | Laisi iranlọwọ | Ti o ba ti |
|---|---|---|
| Isanwo isalẹ (3.5%) | $ 12,250 | $ 12,250 |
| Awọn idiyele pipade ati awọn ohun elo ti a sanwo tẹlẹ | $ 10,500 | $ 10,500 |
| Isanwo isanwo iranlọwọ loan | $ 0 | - $ 12,250 |
| Owo ti Mekdes yẹ ki o mu | $ 22,750 | $ 10,500 |
Gbese iranlọwọ naa dinku owo rẹ lati pa nipasẹ diẹ ẹ sii ju idaji lọ. Ṣugbọn kii ṣe owo ọfẹ. Pẹlu eto bii DC Open Doors, o gbọdọ san $ 12,250 nigbati o ta, refinances, tabi gbe jade, tabi lẹhin ọdun 30. Ti oluta naa ba gba lati san apakan ti awọn idiyele pipade rẹ, oun yoo nilo owo ti o kere si. O yẹ ki o tun gbero lati tọju awọn ifowopamọ pajawiri lẹhin pipade, dipo lilo gbogbo dola ti o ni.
Ṣọ́ra
Maṣe sanwo fun awọn akojọ aṣayan ọfẹ ọfẹ.
Diẹ ninu awọn oju opo wẹẹbu ati awọn olupe ṣe ileri owo ijọba ọfẹ fun isanwo isalẹ rẹ ti o ba san owo akọkọ. Awọn ẹlomiran beere fun nọmba Aabo Awujọ rẹ tabi iwọle banki lati ṣayẹwo boya o yẹ. Awọn eto gidi ninu ẹkọ yii ni a ṣe akojọ fun ọfẹ lori awọn oju opo wẹẹbu osise, ati awọn alamọran ti a fọwọsi HUD le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati waye fun kekere tabi ko si idiyele. Maṣe sanwo fun atokọ ti awọn ẹbun, ati pe ko fun iwọle banki rẹ si ẹnikẹni.
Sample
Beere lọwọ awọn ayanilowo ibeere ti o tọ
Ṣaaju ki o to yan ayanilowo kan, beere: "Ṣe o fọwọsi lati ṣe awọn awin pẹlu [orukọ eto]? Melo ninu awọn awin wọnyi ni o pa ni ọdun yii? " Ayanilowo ti o lo eto naa nigbagbogbo le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati yago fun awọn idaduro.
Awọn bọtini takeaways
- Some loans need as little as 3% or 3.5% down, and VA and USDA loans can need nothing down for eligible buyers.
- DC, Maryland, and Virginia all have programs that help with the down payment or closing costs. Many are loans you repay when you sell, refinance, or move.
- Before you choose a home, check each program's income limit, first-time buyer rule, class requirement, and repayment rules.
- With a conventional loan, you can ask to cancel PMI when your balance is scheduled to reach 80% of the home's original value.
- Cash to close is your down payment plus closing costs, minus any help. Keep emergency savings after closing too.
Ṣayẹwo oye rẹ
Dahun awọn ibeere, lẹhinna yan Ṣayẹwo awọn idahun mi. Gba 5 ti ẹtọ 6 lati pari ẹkọ yii. Eyi jẹ adaṣe: ko si opin akoko, ati pe a ko tọju awọn idahun rẹ.
Lọ siwaju
Awọn oju opo wẹẹbu ti o gbẹkẹle nibi ti o ti le ni imọ siwaju sii. Awọn ọna asopọ wọnyi lọ si awọn oju opo wẹẹbu miiran ti Dollar Scholars ko ṣiṣẹ.
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Eto Iranlọwọ Rira Ile (HPAP) (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Awọn awin ti ko ni anfani ti DC fun awọn ti onra akoko akọkọ ati kekere ati iwọntunwọnsi, pẹlu owo-wiwọle lọwọlọwọ ati awọn tabili iranlọwọ.
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DC Ṣii Awọn ilẹkun (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Awọn awin ile pẹlu isanwo isalẹ ṣe iranlọwọ fun awọn ti onra akọkọ ati tun ra ni DC.
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Maryland Mortgage Program (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Maryland ká ile awin pẹlu isalẹ owo ati pipade iye owo iranlọwọ, plus owo oya ati owo iye owo irinṣẹ.
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Virginia Housing: Homebuyers (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Awọn awin ile akọkọ ti Virginia, isanwo isalẹ ati awọn ifunni iye owo pipade, ati awọn kilasi olura ile ọfẹ.
Ẹkọ yii jẹ ẹkọ owo gbogbogbo, kii ṣe ofin, owo-ori, tabi imọran owo. Awọn ofin ati awọn iye yipada, nitorinaa ṣayẹwo awọn nọmba pataki pẹlu orisun osise.