Ṣiṣe awọn awin ọlọgbọn ati yago fun awọn awin apanirun · Ẹkọ 2 ti 2
Buying a Car: Get a Fair Loan and Avoid Dealer Traps
Budget for the full cost of a car, get pre-approved for a loan, recognize dealer traps such as long loans, add-ons, and yo-yo financing, and think carefully before you cosign.
Ti pari lori ẹrọ yii
Awọn apakan ti ẹkọ yii ko ti tumọ si ede rẹ sibẹsibẹ, nitorinaa wọn han ni ede Gẹẹsi.
Ninu ẹkọ yii
Ohun tí wàá kọ́
- Estimate the full monthly cost of a car, including insurance, gas, parking, taxes, and repairs.
- Get pre-approved for a loan and compare offers by APR and total cost.
- Recognize dealer traps, such as long loan terms, add-ons, yo-yo financing, and buy-here-pay-here lots.
- Decide whether to cosign a car loan for someone else.
Bawo ni eyi ṣe sopọ si awọn kilasi wa: Our class covers cars as assets, how much car you can afford, and the risks of cosigning. This lesson adds DC-area costs, a worked loan comparison, a checklist for the dealer visit, and what to do if a dealer tries to change the deal after you drive home.
Awọn ọrọ lati mọ
- Ṣaaju ifọwọsi (Pre-approval)
- Ṣaaju ki o to raja, a ayanilowo ká ìfilọ, lati wín o soke si a ṣeto iye ni a ṣeto oṣuwọn ti o ba ti o ba pade awọn oniwe-ipo.
- Akoko awin (Loan term)
- Bawo ni o ṣe pẹ to lati san awin kan, bii awọn oṣu 48 tabi 72?
- Fikun-lori (Add-on)
- Ọja afikun ti a ta pẹlu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ tabi awin kan, gẹgẹbi adehun iṣẹ tabi iṣeduro GAP. Awọn afikun jẹ aṣayan.
- Inifura odi (Negative equity)
- Ti o ba jẹ gbese diẹ sii lori awin ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ rẹ ju ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lọ.
- Yo-yo owo (Yo-yo financing)
- Nigbati alagbata kan ba jẹ ki o mu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lọ si ile, lẹhinna sọ pe a ko fọwọsi awin naa ati pe o beere lọwọ rẹ lati fowo si adehun tuntun, ti o gbowolori diẹ sii. Tun pe ni ifijiṣẹ iranran.
- Cosigner
- Eniyan ti o fowo si awin pẹlu oluya ati pe o ṣe ileri lati san gbese naa ti o ko ba ṣe.
- Ra-nibi-sanwo-nibi onisowo (Buy-here-pay-here dealer)
- Onisowo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan ti o ya ọ ni owo fun ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ funrararẹ, dipo ki o ṣeto awin lati banki tabi ẹgbẹ kirẹditi.
Ka iye owo ti o sanwo, kii ṣe iye owo nikan.
Isanwo awin jẹ apakan nikan ti ohun ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan. Ṣaaju ki o to ra, ṣafikun ohun gbogbo ti iwọ yoo san ni oṣu kọọkan. Lẹhinna ṣayẹwo pe apapọ naa baamu ninu eto inawo rẹ lẹhin iyalo, ounjẹ, ati awọn ifowopamọ.
- Insurance. DC, Maryland, ati Virginia gbogbo wọn nilo iṣeduro ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ. Lati Oṣu Keje 1, 2024, Virginia ko jẹ ki awọn awakọ san owo kan dipo rira iṣeduro. Gba awọn agbasọ iṣeduro ṣaaju ki o to yan ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan. Iye owo le yipada pupọ nipasẹ awoṣe ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ati koodu ZIP.
- Awọn owo-ori ati awọn owo-ori O san owo-ori nigbati o ba gba ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa. Ni ọdun 2026, owo-ori ti Maryland jẹ 6.5% ti idiyele fun ọpọlọpọ awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ. Ni Ariwa Virginia, awọn kaunti ati awọn ilu bii Fairfax County tun gba owo-ori ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ni gbogbo ọdun.
- Gaasi tabi gbigba agbara, tolls, ati gbigba ibi. Ronu nipa irin-ajo rẹ, iyọọda ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ tabi gareji, ati awọn ọna owo-ori.
- Itọju ati awọn atunṣe. Awọn iyipada epo, awọn taya, awọn idaduro, ati awọn ayewo. Awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ agbalagba nigbagbogbo nilo awọn atunṣe diẹ sii.
Apẹẹrẹ
Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kanna, awọn ofin awin meji
Dev ngbe ni Silver Spring. O fẹ lati yawo $ 20,000 fun ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan. Ile-iṣẹ kirẹditi rẹ nfun u ni 9% APR. Wo ohun ti akoko awin naa ṣe.
| Akoko awin | Isanwo oṣooṣu | Lapapọ sanwo | Anfani |
|---|---|---|---|
| Awọn oṣu 48 | $ 497.70 | $ 23,890 | $ 3,890 |
| Awọn oṣu 60 | $ 415.17 | $ 24,910 | $ 4,910 |
| Awọn oṣu 72 | $ 360.51 | $ 25,957 | $ 5,957 |
| Iyatọ: 72 osu iyokuro 48 osu | $ 137.19 kekere | $ 2,067 ti o ga julọ | $ 2,067 ti o ga julọ |
$ 25,957 - $ 23,890 = $ 2,067 diẹ sii fun awin oṣu 72
Gbese oṣu 72 dinku isanwo nipasẹ $ 137 ni oṣu kan. Ṣugbọn Dev san nipa $ 2,067 diẹ sii ni anfani. Gbese gigun tun tumọ si pe o le jẹ gbese diẹ sii ju ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lọ fun igba pipẹ. Eyi ni a pe ni inifura odi. Ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ba bajẹ tabi o nilo lati ta, o tun le jẹ gbese lori ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti ko ni mọ.
| Iye owo | Oṣupa kọọkan |
|---|---|
| Loan owo sisan | $ 498 |
| Iṣeduro | $ 180 |
| Gaasi | $ 140 |
| Parking ati tolls | $ 40 |
| Itọju ati atunṣe | $ 80 |
| Iforukọsilẹ ati awọn idiyele ọdọọdun miiran, ti a fipamọ ni oṣooṣu | $ 15 |
| Iye owo oṣooṣu ni kikun | $ 953 |
Iye owo gidi jẹ fere ilọpo meji awọn awin owo. Lo awọn agbasọ tirẹ, nitori awọn nọmba rẹ yoo yatọ.
Gba ifọwọsi ṣaaju ki o to ra.
Pẹlu ifọwọsi iṣaaju, banki tabi ẹgbẹ kirẹditi ṣe atunyẹwo ohun elo rẹ ati sọ fun ọ iye ti yoo wín ati ni oṣuwọn wo ni o to yan ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan. Lẹhinna o mọ isuna rẹ, ati pe o le sọ boya ipese awin ti alagbata dara julọ tabi buru.
- Ṣayẹwo awọn ijabọ kirẹditi rẹ fun ọfẹ ki o jiyan eyikeyi awọn aṣiṣe. Wo Ka ijabọ kirẹditi rẹ.
- Waye ni awọn ayanilowo meji tabi mẹta, bii banki rẹ ati ẹgbẹ kirẹditi kan. CFPB sọ pe lati tọju awọn sọwedowo kirẹditi wọnyi laarin awọn ọjọ 14 si 45 ti ara wọn, nitorinaa wọn ka bi ibeere kan.
- Ṣe afiwe awọn ipese nipasẹ APR, akoko awin ati lapapọ awọn sisanwo, kii ṣe isanwo oṣooṣu nikan.
- Pinnu iye owo ti o ga julọ ti iwọ yoo san, ki o kọ ọ si isalẹ.
- Mu ẹbun kikọ rẹ ti o dara julọ si alagbata, ki o beere lọwọ alagbata lati pese oṣuwọn kekere.
Nigbati alagbata kan ba ṣeto awin rẹ, oṣuwọn naa jẹ igbagbogbo oṣuwọn ayanilowo pẹlu afikun anfani ti o san oniṣowo, CFPB ṣalaye. O le beere boya awọn ipese miiran wa pẹlu awọn oṣuwọn kekere.
Ko si nọmba Aabo Awujọ? Beere lọwọ awọn bèbe ati awọn ẹgbẹ kirẹditi ti wọn ba gba ITIN fun awọn awin ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ. Diẹ ninu awọn ṣe. Ṣọra ti oniṣowo kan ba sọ fun ọ pe ko si ẹlomiran ti yoo wín fun ọ. Ṣayẹwo ara rẹ ni akọkọ.
Ti o ba ti o
Diẹ ninu awọn oniṣowo dapọ idiyele ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, iṣowo rẹ, ati awin papọ, ati sọrọ nikan nipa isanwo oṣooṣu. Eyi jẹ ki o nira lati wo ohun ti o n sanwo. Gba lori apakan kọọkan lọtọ, ni aṣẹ yii:
- Iye owo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa, pẹlu gbogbo awọn idiyele ti awọn oniṣowo.
- Iye ti iṣowo rẹ, ti o ba ni ọkan.
- Owo naa: APR, akoko, ati lapapọ awọn sisanwo.
O le ṣunadura idiyele, iye iṣowo, APR, awọn afikun, ati awọn idiyele alagbata gẹgẹbi awọn idiyele iwe. O ko le ṣunadura owo-ori, akọle, ati awọn idiyele iforukọsilẹ ti ijọba ṣeto.
Onisowo ibewo akosile akosile
- Mo ni ifọwọsi mi tẹlẹ ati idiyele mi ti o ga julọ ni kikọ.
- Fun ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti a lo, Mo ka sitika Itọsọna Awọn onra lori window. O sọ pe ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ba ta "bi o ti jẹ," laisi atilẹyin ọja onisowo, tabi pẹlu atilẹyin ọja.
- Onimọ-ẹrọ kan ti Mo gbẹkẹle ṣe ayewo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa ṣaaju ki Mo to gba lati ra.
- Mo sọ rara si awọn afikun ti Emi ko fẹ, gẹgẹbi adehun iṣẹ, window window, tabi iṣeduro GAP, eyiti o san ohun ti o tun jẹ gbese kọja iye ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ba ji tabi parun.
- Ti Mo ba jẹ gbese diẹ sii lori ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ atijọ mi ju ti o tọ lọ, Mo ṣayẹwo pe iye yii ko farapamọ ninu awin tuntun.
- Gbogbo aaye ti o ṣofo ninu adehun ni a kun, ati pe awọn nọmba baamu ohun ti a gba.
- O ti wa ni ti o dara ju ti o ti wa ni
Ṣọ́ra
Yo-yo owo ati ra-nibi-sanwo-nibi pupọ
Owo Yo-yo. Fatima ra ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan ni Woodbridge o si wakọ rẹ si ile ni ọjọ kanna. Ni ọsẹ kan nigbamii, alagbata naa pe: "A ko fọwọsi awin rẹ. Pada ki o fowo si adehun tuntun pẹlu oṣuwọn ti o ga julọ. " Eyi ni a pe ni owo yo-yo, tabi ifijiṣẹ iranran.
O ko ni lati gba adehun tuntun kan. Ti o ko ba fẹ, o le da ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ pada, ati pe alagbata yẹ ki o san owo isalẹ rẹ pada, CFPB sọ. Ti o da lori adehun rẹ, o le paapaa ni ẹtọ lati tọju ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ni awọn ofin akọkọ. Beere fun iṣowo rẹ pada. Idaabobo ti o dara julọ ni lati rii daju pe awin naa jẹ ikẹhin ṣaaju ki o to mu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lọ si ile.
Mo ra ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa ni [ọjọ] ati fowo si adehun pẹlu APR ti [oṣuwọn]. Emi kii yoo fowo si adehun tuntun loni. Jọwọ fi ranṣẹ si mi, ni kikọ, idi ti o fi sọ pe a ko fọwọsi awin naa. Ti a ba fagile tita naa, Mo fẹ ki isanwo isanwo mi ti [iye] ati iṣowo mi pada. Mo beere lọwọ ọfiisi aabo alabara ti Attorney General fun imọran.
Ra-nibi-sanwo-nibi pupọ. Awọn oniṣowo wọnyi yá ọ ni owo funrararẹ, nigbagbogbo si awọn eniyan ti o ni kirẹditi kekere tabi ko si. APR le jẹ giga pupọ, ati pe awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ jẹ igbagbogbo agbalagba. Diẹ ninu awọn ayanilowo fi ẹrọ kan sinu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o tọpinpin rẹ tabi da a duro lati bẹrẹ ti o ba padanu isanwo kan. Ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ipinlẹ, ayanilowo le gba ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ pada ni kete ti o ba aiyipada, fun apẹẹrẹ nipa pipadanu isanwo kan, laisi ikilọ. Lẹhin ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti ta ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, o tun le jẹ gbese iyatọ. Ṣe afiwe awin kirẹditi akọkọ.
Nilo iranlọwọ? Ni DC, pe Attorney General's Consumer and Tenant Response team ni 202-442-9828. Ni Maryland tabi Virginia, kan si ọfiisi aabo alabara ti Attorney General ti ipinle rẹ, Iranlọwọ Ofin Maryland, tabi Awọn Iṣẹ Ofin ti Northern Virginia.
Before you cosign a car loan
In many families, a relative with good credit is asked to cosign. A cosigner is not just a reference. You promise to pay the loan if the borrower does not.
- You may have to pay the full amount, plus late fees and collection costs.
- In many states, the lender can collect from you without first trying to collect from the borrower.
- The loan shows on your credit report. Late payments can hurt your credit, and the debt can make it harder for you to borrow.
- The lender must give you a paper called the Notice to Cosigner that explains these risks. Read it.
Cosigning checklist
- I could pay the whole loan myself if I had to, without hurting my own family's budget.
- I have seen the borrower's budget, and the payment fits.
- I have copies of the contract, the Truth in Lending disclosure (the box of key loan numbers: the amount financed, the finance charge, the total of payments, and the APR), and the Notice to Cosigner.
- The lender agreed to tell me in writing if a payment is missed.
- I will check my credit reports often.
You can say no. You can still help in other ways, such as helping the person find a credit union loan or a less expensive car.
I care about you, and I want you to get a car. But I cannot cosign. If something goes wrong, I would owe the whole loan, and my family depends on my credit. I can help you look for a credit union loan or a less expensive car.
Sample
Ofin owo-ori tuntun fun awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ tuntun
Fun awọn ọdun owo-ori 2025 nipasẹ 2028, IRS sọ pe diẹ ninu awọn ti onra le yọkuro to $ 10,000 ni ọdun kan ti iwulo lori awin fun ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ tuntun fun lilo ti ara ẹni. Apejọ ikẹhin ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ gbọdọ wa ni Amẹrika, ati pe awin gbọdọ ti bẹrẹ lẹhin Oṣu kejila ọjọ 31, 2024. Awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti a lo ati awọn yiyalo ko yẹ. Iyọkuro naa dinku fun awọn owo-ori ti o ju $ 100,000 ($ 200,000 fun awọn tọkọtaya ti o forukọsilẹ papọ). Iyọkuro dinku owo-ori owo-ori rẹ, kii ṣe isanwo awin rẹ, nitorinaa kii ṣe idi lati yawo diẹ sii. Aaye owo-ori VITA ọfẹ le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣayẹwo boya o kan si ọ. Wo Faili owo-ori rẹ fun ọfẹ.
Awọn bọtini takeaways
- Budget for the full cost of the car, not just the monthly payment.
- A longer loan lowers the payment but raises the total cost: on $20,000 at 9% APR, a 72-month loan costs about $2,067 more than a 48-month loan.
- Get pre-approved before you shop, and agree on the price, the trade-in, and the loan one at a time.
- Add-ons are optional, and you should never sign a contract with blank spaces.
- If you cosign, you may have to pay the full debt if the borrower does not.
Ṣayẹwo oye rẹ
Dahun awọn ibeere, lẹhinna yan Ṣayẹwo awọn idahun mi. Gba 4 ti ẹtọ 5 lati pari ẹkọ yii. Eyi jẹ adaṣe: ko si opin akoko, ati pe a ko tọju awọn idahun rẹ.
Lọ siwaju
Awọn oju opo wẹẹbu ti o gbẹkẹle nibi ti o ti le ni imọ siwaju sii. Awọn ọna asopọ wọnyi lọ si awọn oju opo wẹẹbu miiran ti Dollar Scholars ko ṣiṣẹ.
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Awọn awin ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Ṣe iranlọwọ lati ra awin ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan, ṣe afiwe awọn ipese, ati ṣayẹwo adehun ṣaaju ki o to fowo si.
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Ra ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti a lo lati ọdọ olutaja kan (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Bii o ṣe le ka ohun ilẹmọ Itọsọna ti onra, gba ayewo, ati yago fun awọn afikun ti o gbowolori ati awọn awin gigun.
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Cómo comprar un carro usado a un concesionario (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Kanna FTC imọran lori ifẹ si ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti a lo lati ọdọ alagbata kan, ni ede Spani.
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Cosigning a Loan FAQs (oju opo wẹẹbu miiran)
Ohun ti o ṣe ileri nigbati o ba fọwọsi, ati awọn ibeere lati beere ṣaaju ki o to gba.
Ẹkọ yii jẹ ẹkọ owo gbogbogbo, kii ṣe ofin, owo-ori, tabi imọran owo. Awọn ofin ati awọn iye yipada, nitorinaa ṣayẹwo awọn nọmba pataki pẹlu orisun osise.