Na-agbazinye ego n'ụzọ amamihe ma zere ịkwụ ụgwọ na-adịghị mma · Ihe 2 nke 2
Buying a Car: Get a Fair Loan and Avoid Dealer Traps
Budget for the full cost of a car, get pre-approved for a loan, recognize dealer traps such as long loans, add-ons, and yo-yo financing, and think carefully before you cosign.
Mezue na ngwaọrụ a.
A sụgharịbeghị akụkụ nke nkuzi a n'asụsụ gị, n'ihi ya, a na-egosipụta ha n'asụsụ Bekee.
Na nkuzi a
Ihe ị ga-amụta
- Estimate the full monthly cost of a car, including insurance, gas, parking, taxes, and repairs.
- Get pre-approved for a loan and compare offers by APR and total cost.
- Recognize dealer traps, such as long loan terms, add-ons, yo-yo financing, and buy-here-pay-here lots.
- Decide whether to cosign a car loan for someone else.
Kedu ka nke a si jikọọ na klaasị anyị: Our class covers cars as assets, how much car you can afford, and the risks of cosigning. This lesson adds DC-area costs, a worked loan comparison, a checklist for the dealer visit, and what to do if a dealer tries to change the deal after you drive home.
Okwu ndị ị ga-amata
- Tupu nkwenye (Pre-approval)
- Onye na-agbazinye ego na-enye, tupu ịzụ ahịa, ịgbazinye gị ego a kara aka na ọnụego a kara aka ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ezute ọnọdụ ya.
- Oge mgbazinye ego (Loan term)
- Ogologo oge ole ka ị ga-akwụghachi mgbazinye ego, dị ka ọnwa 48 ma ọ bụ 72?
- Add-on
- Ngwaahịa ọzọ a na-ere na ụgbọ ala ma ọ bụ mgbazinye ego, dị ka nkwekọrịta ọrụ ma ọ bụ mkpuchi GAP. Add-ons bụ nhọrọ.
- Ịha nhatanha na-adịghị mma (Negative equity)
- Ọ bụrụ na ị na-akwụ ụgwọ karịa ụgbọ ala gị karịa ụgbọala ahụ.
- Yo-Yo Ego (Yo-yo financing)
- Mgbe onye na-ere ahịa na-ahapụ gị ka ị gaa ụgbọ ala n'ụlọ, ọ na-ekwu na akwadoghị mbinye ego ahụ ma rịọ gị ka ị bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ, dị oke ọnụ. A na-akpọkwa ntụpọ nnyefe.
- Cosigner
- Onye na-agbazinye ego na onye na-agbazinye ego ma kwe nkwa na ọ ga-akwụ ụgwọ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na onye na-agbazinye ego emeghị.
- Zụta-ebe a-akwụ ụgwọ-ebe a na-ere ahịa (Buy-here-pay-here dealer)
- Onye na-ere ụgbọ ala na-agbazinye gị ego maka ụgbọ ala ahụ n'onwe ya, kama ịhazi mgbazinye ego site n'ụlọ akụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ kredit.
Na-akwụ ụgwọ zuru ezu, ọ bụghị naanị ịkwụ ụgwọ.
Ịkwụ ụgwọ ụgbọ ala bụ naanị akụkụ nke ihe ụgbọ ala na-efu. Tupu ịzụ ahịa, gbakwunye ihe niile ị ga-akwụ kwa ọnwa. Mgbe ahụ lelee na ngụkọta dabara na atụmatụ mmefu gị mgbe mgbazinye, nri, na ego.
- Mkpuchi. DC, Maryland, na Virginia niile chọrọ mkpuchi ụgbọ ala. Kemgbe July 1, 2024, Virginia anaghịzi ekwe ka ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala kwụọ ụgwọ kama ịzụta mkpuchi. Nweta mkpuchi mkpuchi tupu ịhọrọ ụgbọ ala. Ọnụahịa ahụ nwere ike ịgbanwe nke ukwuu site na ụdị ụgbọ ala na koodu zip.
- Ụtụ isi na ụgwọ. Ị na-akwụ ụtụ isi mgbe ị na-akpọ ụgbọ ala ahụ. Na 2026, ụtụ isi Maryland bụ 6.5% nke ọnụahịa maka ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala. Na Northern Virginia, ógbè na obodo ndị dị ka Fairfax County na-akwụ ụtụ ụgbọ ala kwa afọ.
- Gas ma ọ bụ ụgwọ, tolls, na ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala. Chee echiche banyere njem gị, ikike ịdọba ụgbọala ma ọ bụ ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala, na ụzọ ụtụ isi.
- Mmezi na nrụzi. Mgbanwe mmanụ, taya, brek, na nyocha. Ụgbọala ndị toro eto na-achọkarị nrụzi karịa.
Ihe Nlereanya
Otu ụgbọala, okwu mgbazinye ego abụọ
Dev bi na Silver Spring. Ọ chọrọ ịgbazite $ 20,000 maka ụgbọ ala. Ụlọ ọrụ kredit ya na-enye ya 9% APR. Lee ihe mgbazinye ego na-eme.
| Oge mgbazinye ego | Ịkwụ ụgwọ kwa ọnwa | Total akwụ ụgwọ | Mmasị |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ọnwa 48 | $ 497.70 | $ 23,890 | $ 3,890 |
| Ọnwa 60 | $ 415.17 | $ 24,910 | $ 4,910 |
| Ọnwa 72 | $ 360.51 | $ 25,957 | $ 5,957 |
| Ọdịiche: 72 ọnwa mwepu 48 ọnwa | $ 137.19 ala | $ 2,067 dị elu | $ 2,067 dị elu |
$ 25,957 - $ 23,890 = $ 2,067 ọzọ maka mbinye ego ọnwa 72
Mgbazinye ego ọnwa 72 na-ebelata ụgwọ ahụ site na ihe dị ka $ 137 kwa ọnwa. Mana Dev na-akwụ ihe dị ka $ 2,067 ọzọ na ọmụrụ nwa. Mgbazinye ego ogologo pụtara na ọ nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ karịa ụgbọ ala ahụ bara uru ogologo oge. A na-akpọ nke a nhatanha na-adịghị mma. Ọ bụrụ na ụgbọ ala ahụ mebiri emebi ma ọ bụ na ọ chọrọ ire ya, ọ ka nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ ụgbọ ala ọ na-enweghịzi.
| Ọnụ ego | Kwa ọnwa |
|---|---|
| Ịkwụ ụgwọ mgbazinye ego | $ 498 |
| Mkpuchi | $ 180 |
| Gas | $ 140 |
| Ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala na tolls | $ 40 |
| Mmezi na ndozi | $ 80 |
| Ndebanye aha na ụgwọ ndị ọzọ kwa afọ, na-echekwa kwa ọnwa. | $ 15 |
| Ọnụ ego zuru ezu kwa ọnwa | $ 953 |
Ọnụ ego ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke ego mgbazinye ego. Jiri ọnụọgụ nke gị, n'ihi na ọnụọgụ gị ga-adị iche.
Nweta nkwalite tupu ịzụta ihe.
Site na nkwenye tupu oge eruo, ụlọ akụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ kredit na-enyocha ngwa gị ma gwa gị ego ole ọ ga-agbazinye na ọnụego ole tupu ịhọrọ ụgbọ ala. Mgbe ahụ ị maara mmefu ego gị, ị nwere ike ịmata ma ọ bụrụ na onye na-ere ahịa na-enye ego dị mma ma ọ bụ ka njọ.
- Lelee akụkọ akwụmụgwọ gị n'efu ma rụọ ụka na njehie ọ bụla. Lelee akụkọ akwụmụgwọ gị.
- Tinye akwụkwọ na ndị na-agbazinye ego abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ, dị ka ụlọ akụ gị na ụlọ ọrụ kredit. CFPB na-ekwu na ị ga-edebe nyocha kredit ndị a n'ime ụbọchị 14 ruo 45 nke ibe ha, yabụ ha gụrụ dị ka otu ajụjụ.
- Tụlee onyinye site na APR, oge mgbazinye ego, na ngụkọta nke ịkwụ ụgwọ, ọ bụghị naanị ịkwụ ụgwọ kwa ọnwa.
- Kpebie ọnụahịa kachasị elu ị ga-akwụ, ma dee ya.
- Weta onyinye gị kachasị mma na onye na-ere ahịa, ma jụọ onye na-ere ahịa ka ọ nye ọnụego dị ala.
Mgbe onye na-ere ahịa na-ahazi mgbazinye ego gị, ọnụego ahụ na-abụkarị ọnụego onye na-agbazinye ego gbakwunyere ọmụrụ nwa ọzọ nke na-akwụ onye na-ere ahịa, CFPB na-akọwa. Ị nwere ike ịjụ ma enwere onyinye ndị ọzọ nwere ọnụego dị ala.
Enweghị nọmba Social Security? Jụọ ụlọ akụ na ụlọ ọrụ kredit ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-anabata ITIN maka mgbazinye ụgbọ ala. Fọdụ na-eme. Kpachara anya ma ọ bụrụ na onye na-ere ahịa agwa gị na ọ nweghị onye ọzọ ga-agbazinye gị. Buru ụzọ lelee onwe gị.
Ịzụ ahịa: Otu mkpebi n'otu oge.
Ụfọdụ ndị na-ere ahịa na-agwakọta ọnụahịa ụgbọ ala, azụmahịa gị, na mgbazinye ego ọnụ, ma na-ekwu naanị maka ịkwụ ụgwọ kwa ọnwa. Nke a na-eme ka o sie ike ịhụ ihe ị na-akwụ ụgwọ. Kwenyere n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla n'otu n'otu, n'usoro a:
- Ọnụahịa nke ụgbọ ala ahụ, gụnyere ụgwọ niile nke onye na-ere ahịa.
- Uru nke azụmahịa gị, ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere otu.
- Nkowasi: Tọghata AVI faịlụ na ngụkọta nke ịkwụ ụgwọ.
Ị nwere ike ịkparịta ụka ọnụahịa, uru ahia, APR, mgbakwunye, na ụgwọ ndị na-ere ahịa dị ka ụgwọ akwụkwọ. Ị nweghị ike ịkparịta ụka ụtụ isi, aha, na ụgwọ ndebanye aha nke gọọmentị setịpụrụ.
Dealer visit checklist
- Enwere m nkwenye m na ọnụahịa m kachasị elu na ederede.
- Maka ụgbọ ala eji eme ihe, m na-agụ akwụkwọ mmado Buyers Guide na windo. Ọ na-ekwu ma ọ bụrụ na a na-ere ụgbọ ala ahụ "dị ka ọ dị," na-enweghị akwụkwọ ikike onye na-ere ahịa, ma ọ bụ na akwụkwọ ikike.
- Otu onye na-arụ ọrụ na-enyocha ụgbọ ala ahụ tupu m kweta ịzụta ya.
- Asịrị m mba na mgbakwunye m na-achọghị, dị ka nkwekọrịta ọrụ, windo windo, ma ọ bụ mkpuchi GAP, nke na-akwụ ụgwọ ihe ị ka ji ụgwọ karịa uru ụgbọ ala ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ezuru ma ọ bụ bibie ụgbọ ala ahụ.
- Ọ bụrụ na m ji ụgwọ karịa ụgbọ ala ochie m karịa ka ọ bara uru, enyocha m na ego a ezoghị na mbinye ego ọhụrụ ahụ.
- A na-ejupụta oghere ọ bụla dị na nkwekọrịta ahụ, ọnụọgụ ndị ahụ kwekọrọ na ihe anyị kwenyere.
- Ego ahụ bụ nke ikpeazụ, m bịanyere aka na mbipụta nke ihe niile tupu m pụọ.
Lee anya
Yo-Yo ego na ịzụta-ebe a-akwụ ụgwọ-ebe a
Ego Yo-yo. Fatima zụtara ụgbọ ala na Woodbridge ma kwụọ ya n'ụlọ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ. Otu izu ka e mesịrị, onye na-ere ahịa na-akpọ, sị: "Anabataghị mgbazinye ego gị. Laghachi ma bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ na ọnụego dị elu. " A na-akpọ nke a ego yo-yo, ma ọ bụ nnyefe ntụpọ.
Ikwesighi ịnabata nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọghị ya, ị nwere ike iweghachite ụgbọ ala ahụ, onye na-ere ahịa kwesịrị ịkwụ ụgwọ gị, CFPB na-ekwu. Dabere na nkwekọrịta gị, ị nwedịrị ike ịnwe ikike idobe ụgbọ ala ahụ na usoro mbụ. Jụọ maka azụmahịa gị. Nchebe kachasị mma bụ ijide n'aka na mgbazinye ego ahụ bụ nke ikpeazụ tupu ị were ụgbọ ala ahụ n'ụlọ.
Azụrụ m ụgbọ ala ahụ na [ụbọchị] wee bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta na APR nke [ọnụego]. Agaghị m ebinye aka na nkwekọrịta ọhụrụ taa. Biko zitere m, n'ederede, ihe kpatara ị ji kwuo na akwadoghị mgbazinye ego. Ọ bụrụ na akagbuola ire ere ahụ, achọrọ m ịkwụ ụgwọ m nke [ego] na azụmahịa m. Ana m arịọ ụlọ ọrụ nchedo ndị ahịa nke Attorney General maka ndụmọdụ.
Zụta-ebe a-akwụ ụgwọ-ebe a ọtụtụ. Ndị na-ere ahịa a na-agbazinye gị ego ahụ n'onwe ha, na-abụkarị ndị nwere obere ma ọ bụ na-enweghị kredit. APR nwere ike ịdị elu, ụgbọ ala ndị ahụ na-abụkarị ndị okenye. Ụfọdụ ndị na-agbazinye ego na-etinye ngwaọrụ n'ime ụgbọ ala nke na-esochi ya ma ọ bụ kwụsị ya ịmalite ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-efu ịkwụ ụgwọ. N'ọtụtụ steeti, onye na-agbazinye ego nwere ike iweghachite ụgbọ ala ozugbo ị daa, dịka ọmụmaatụ site na ịhapụ ịkwụ ụgwọ, na-enweghị ịdọ aka ná ntị. Mgbe ị na-ere ụgbọ ala ahụ, ị ka nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ dị iche. Tụlee mgbazinye ego nke ụlọ ọrụ kredit na mbụ.
Achọrọ enyemaka? Na DC, kpọọ ndị otu Attorney General's Consumer and Tenant Response team na 202-442-9828. Na Maryland ma ọ bụ Virginia, kpọtụrụ ụlọ ọrụ nchedo ndị ahịa nke steeti gị, Maryland Legal Aid, ma ọ bụ Ọrụ Iwu nke Northern Virginia.
Before you cosign a car loan
In many families, a relative with good credit is asked to cosign. A cosigner is not just a reference. You promise to pay the loan if the borrower does not.
- You may have to pay the full amount, plus late fees and collection costs.
- In many states, the lender can collect from you without first trying to collect from the borrower.
- The loan shows on your credit report. Late payments can hurt your credit, and the debt can make it harder for you to borrow.
- The lender must give you a paper called the Notice to Cosigner that explains these risks. Read it.
Cosigning checklist
- I could pay the whole loan myself if I had to, without hurting my own family's budget.
- I have seen the borrower's budget, and the payment fits.
- I have copies of the contract, the Truth in Lending disclosure (the box of key loan numbers: the amount financed, the finance charge, the total of payments, and the APR), and the Notice to Cosigner.
- The lender agreed to tell me in writing if a payment is missed.
- I will check my credit reports often.
You can say no. You can still help in other ways, such as helping the person find a credit union loan or a less expensive car.
I care about you, and I want you to get a car. But I cannot cosign. If something goes wrong, I would owe the whole loan, and my family depends on my credit. I can help you look for a credit union loan or a less expensive car.
Ndụmọdụ
A na-akwụ ụgwọ ụtụ isi ọhụrụ maka ụfọdụ ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ.
Maka afọ ụtụ isi 2025 ruo 2028, IRS na-ekwu na ụfọdụ ndị na-azụ ahịa nwere ike iwepụ ihe ruru $ 10,000 kwa afọ nke ọmụrụ nwa na mbinye ego maka ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ maka ojiji nkeonwe. Mgbakọ ikpeazụ nke ụgbọ ala ahụ ga-abụrịrị na United States, na mgbazinye ego ahụ ga-amaliterịrị mgbe Disemba 31, 2024. Ụgbọ ala ndị a na-eji eme ihe na mgbazinye ego erughị eru. Mwepu ahụ na-ebelata ego karịrị $ 100,000 ($ 200,000 maka ndị di na nwunye na-agbakọ ọnụ). Mwepu na-ebelata ego ụtụ isi gị, ọ bụghị ụgwọ mgbazinye gị, yabụ na ọ bụghị ihe kpatara ịgbazinye ego karịa. Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ụtụ isi n'efu nwere ike inyere gị aka ịlele ma ọ metụtara gị. Lee Tinye ụtụ isi gị n'efu.
Key takeaways
- Budget for the full cost of the car, not just the monthly payment.
- A longer loan lowers the payment but raises the total cost: on $20,000 at 9% APR, a 72-month loan costs about $2,067 more than a 48-month loan.
- Get pre-approved before you shop, and agree on the price, the trade-in, and the loan one at a time.
- Add-ons are optional, and you should never sign a contract with blank spaces.
- If you cosign, you may have to pay the full debt if the borrower does not.
Lelee nghọta gị
Zaa ajụjụ ndị ahụ, wee họrọ Lelee azịza m. Nweta 4 nke ikike 5 iji mezue nkuzi a. Nke a bụ omume: enweghị oge ọ bụla, anyị anaghị edebe azịza gị.
Gaa n'ihu
Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ndị a tụkwasịrị obi ebe ị nwere ike ịmụtakwu ihe. Njikọ ndị a na-aga na weebụsaịtị ndị ọzọ nke Dollar Scholars anaghị agba ọsọ.
-
Mgbazinye ego ụgbọ ala [mèzi _ mèzi] Site
Nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ nyere aka ịzụ ahịa maka mgbazinye ụgbọ ala, tụnyere onyinye, ma lelee nkwekọrịta ahụ tupu ị bịanye aka.
-
Ịzụta ụgbọ ala site n'aka onye na-ere ahịa [mèzi _ mèzi] Site
Otu esi agụ akwụkwọ mmado Ntuziaka Ndị Ahịa, nweta nyocha, ma zere mgbakwunye dị oke ọnụ na mgbazinye ego ogologo.
-
Cómo comprar un carro usado a un concesionario [mèzi _ mèzi] Site
Otu ndụmọdụ FTC maka ịzụta ụgbọ ala eji eme ihe site n'aka onye na-ere ahịa, na Spanish.
-
Cosigning a Loan FAQs [mèzi _ mèzi] Site
Ihe ị na-ekwe nkwa mgbe ị na-edebanye aha, na ajụjụ ị ga-ajụ tupu ị kwenye.
Ihe mmụta a bụ agụmakwụkwọ ego izugbe, ọ bụghị iwu, ụtụ isi, ma ọ bụ ndụmọdụ ego. Iwu na ego na-agbanwe, yabụ lelee nọmba dị mkpa na isi mmalite gọọmentị.