Izinketho zamasheya - ama-akhawunti asebhange asebenzayo kuwe · Isifundo 3 3

Ukuthumela Imali Ekhaya: Qhathanisa Izindleko Futhi Wazi Amalungelo Akho

Ungazithola kanjani izindleko zangempela zokudluliselwa kwamazwe omhlaba, amalungelo akho e-federal, nokuthi ungabona kanjani imikhonyovu ekucela ukuthi uthumele imali phesheya. (About 16 min, 5 quiz questions)

Kulesi sifundo

Yini ozoyifunda

Bala izindleko eziphelele zokudlulisa, kufaka phakathi izimali, izintela, kanye nophawu lwesilinganiso sokushintshanisa.
Qhathanisa izinketho zokudlulisa ezifana namabhange, izinyunyana zezikweletu, izinkampani zokudlulisa imali, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Chaza amalungelo akho kahulumeni okukhansela ukudluliswa nokulungisa amaphutha, kanye nentela kahulumeni ka-2026 ekudlulisweni okukhokhelwe ngemali.
Bona imikhonyovu ecela ukuthi uthumele noma uthumele imali phesheya.

Ukuthi lokhu kuxhumene kanjani namakilasi ethu: I-Money Smart Module 2 ihlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhokha nabanye abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zemali, kepha ayingeni ngemininingwane ekuthumeleni imali kwelinye izwe. Lesi sandiso se-Dollar Scholars sikukhombisa ukuthi ungaqhathanisa kanjani ukudluliswa, sichaza amalungelo akho kahulumeni kanye nentela ka-2026 ekudlulisweni okukhokhelwe ngemali, futhi kukusiza ukuthi ubone imikhonyovu yokudlulisa imali.

Amagama okumele wazi

Ukudluliswa kwemali (Remittance transfer): Imali ethunyelwe nge-elekthronikhi isuka kumuntu wase-United States iye kumuntu noma ibhizinisi kwelinye izwe, imvamisa ngebhange noma inkampani yokudlulisa imali.
Izinga lokushintshaniswa (Exchange rate): Ingakanani imali yelinye izwe oyithola ngedola elilodwa laseMelika?
I-Exchange-rate markup (Exchange-rate markup): Umehluko phakathi kwesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa kwemakethe kanye nesilinganiso esiphansi inkampani ekunikeza sona. Izindleko ezifihliwe.
Ukudalulwa (Disclosure): Iphepha noma isikrini esibonisa izindleko nemigomo ngaphambi kokukhokha.
Intela yokudluliswa kwentela (Remittance transfer tax): Intela engu-1% kahulumeni, kusukela ngo-2026, ekudluliselweni kwamanye amazwe okukhokhwa ngemali, i-oda lemali, noma isheke le-cashier.
Umnyuzi wemali (Money mule): Umuntu othola imali bese eyithumela komunye umuntu. Imali ivame ukwebiwa, futhi umnyuzi ungangena enkingeni yezomthetho.

Kubiza kanjani ukudluliswa ngempela

Imindeni eminingi endaweni ye-DC ithumela imali ezihlotsheni e-El Salvador, eGuatemala, eHonduras, e-Ethiopia, eNigeria nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. Izinkampani zincintisana ngaleli bhizinisi, futhi ezinye zikhangisa ukuthi "akukho mali." Kepha imali iyingxenye eyodwa yezindleko.

Imali ethunyelwa kwelinye izwe ibizwa ngokuthi ukudluliswa kokuthunyelwa. Izindleko zayo zinezingxenye ezintathu:

Imali yokudlulisa inkampani ekukhokhisayo.
I-markup yesilinganiso sokushintshanisa. Izinkampani eziningi zikunikeza isilinganiso sokushintshaniswa esiphansi kunenani lemakethe futhi zigcine umehluko. Awuboni njengemali, kepha umndeni wakho uthola okuncane.
Izintela nezinye izimali, njengentela ye-1% ye-federal ekudluliselweni okukhokhwa ngemali, noma imali ekhokhwa yibhange kwelinye izwe.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqhathanisa ilula. Ngenani elifanayo lamaRandi, iyiphi inkampani ehambisa imali eningi emndenini wakho ngemuva kwazo zonke izindleko?

Uma elinye izwe lisebenzisa idola laseMelika, njengoba kwenza i-El Salvador ne-Ecuador, alikho izinga lokushintshanisa. Khona-ke udinga nje ukuqhathanisa izimali.

Isibonelo

Ukuthumela u- $ 300 eGuatemala

U-Ana uhlala eRiverdale, eMaryland. Ufuna ukuthumela u- $ 300 kumama wakhe eGuatemala. Ake sithi isilinganiso semakethe namuhla singama-quetzales angama-7.70 ngo- $ 1. La manani yizibonelo. Amanani angempela ashintsha nsuku zonke. Uzokhokha kusuka ku-akhawunti yakhe yasebhange, ngakho-ke intela engu-1% ekudlulisweni okukhokhwa ngokheshi ayisebenzi. Uqhathanisa izipesheli ezimbili:

Ukunikezwa okubili kokuthumela u- $ 300 (isibonelo samanani)
Into	Inkampani A: ayikho imali	Inkampani B: $ 5 imali
Imali yokudlulisa	$ 0	$ 5
Izinga lokushintshaniswa elinikeziwe	7.50	7.68
Ingqikithi u-Ana ukhokha	$ 300	$ 305
Umama wakhe uyamukela	2,250 quetzales	2,304 quetzales

Inkampani A: $ 300 × 7.50 = 2,250 quetzales

Inkampani B: $ 300 × 7.68 = 2,304 quetzales

Inkampani B ikhokhisa imali engu- $ 5, kepha umama ka-Ana uthola amanye ama-quetzales angama-54. Ngesilinganiso semakethe, ama-quetzales angama-54 abiza cishe u- $ 7. Ngakho-ke inkampani "engenamali" ibiza u-Ana cishe u- $ 2 ngaphezulu.

Thola izindleko ezifihliwe

Inkampani A markup: $ 300 × (7.70 - 7.50) = 60 quetzales, cishe $ 7.79

Inkampani B markup: $ 300 × (7.70 - 7.68) = 6 quetzales, cishe $ 0.78. Ngemali engu- $ 5, cishe i- $ 5.78 iyonke.

Funda ukudalulwa ngaphambi kokukhokha

Umthetho we-federal, i-Remittance Transfer Rule, uvikela abantu abathumela imali besuka e-United States baya kwamanye amazwe. Ihlanganisa ukudluliselwa okuningi okungaphezu kwama- $ 15. Izinkampani ezenza ukudluliselwa okungu-500 noma ngaphansi ngonyaka akudingeki ziwulandele, ngakho-ke sebenzisa umhlinzeki owaziwayo.

Ngaphambi kokukhokha, inkampani kufanele ikunikeze ukudalulwa, ephepheni noma esikrinini. Kufanele ikhombise:

Inani olithumelayo
Izinkokhelo nezintela inkampani eqoqa kuwe
Isilinganiso sokushintshaniswa
Inani elingakanani umndeni wakho uzolithola
Inothi uma ezinye izimali noma izintela kwelinye izwe zinganciphisa leyo mali

Uma inkampani ikhangisa ukudluliselwa kwayo ngolimi lwakho kuleyo ndawo, cela ukudalulwa ngolimi lwakho. Kufanele ikunikeze ngalolo limi.

Ngemuva kokukhokha, uthola irisidi. Ikhombisa usuku imali ezotholakala ngalo, amalungelo akho, nokuthi ungakhononda kanjani. Yigcine kuze kube yilapho umndeni wakho uthola imali. Yigcine isikhathi eside uma kunenkinga.

Amalungelo akho: Khansela futhi ulungise amaphutha

Khansela kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30. Ngemuva kokukhokha, uvame ukuba nemizuzu engama-30 yokukhansela mahhala, inqobo nje uma imali ingathathwanga noma ifakwe. Ubuyisela imali yakho, kufaka phakathi izimali.
Bika amaphutha zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-180. Xhumana nenkampani uma umndeni wakho uthola ngaphansi kweresidi ethenjisiwe, imali ayizange ifike, noma ifike sekwephuzile. Unezinsuku eziyi-180 kusukela osukwini irisidi ethi imali izotholakala.
Inkampani kufanele iphenye. Inezinsuku ezingama-90 zokubheka inkinga, futhi kufanele ikutshele ukuthi itholile. Uma yenze iphutha, kungadingeka ukuthi ibuyisele imali yakho noma ithumele ukudluliswa futhi ngaphandle kwezindleko kuwe.
Khononda uma kunesidingo. Uma inkampani ingalungisi inkinga, faka isikhalazo ku-Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) ku-consumerfinance.gov/complaint noma ngocingo ku- (855) 411-2372.

Okufanele ukwenze uma ubika iphutha

Sawubona. Igama lami ngingu[igama lakho]. Ngithumele ukudluliswa ngo-[usuku]. Inombolo yokuqinisekisa yi-[inombolo]. Irisidi ithi [imali] izotholakala [igama lomuntu otholayo] [izwe] ngo-[usuku]. [Imali ayikafiki.] noma [Umndeni wami uthole ngaphansi kwerisidi esho.] Ngifuna ukubika iphutha. Sicela uphenye futhi ungithumelele umphumela ngokubhala. Iyini inombolo yami yecala?

Intela kahulumeni ka-2026 ekudluliselweni okukhokhwa ngemali

Umthetho wobumbano owaphasiswa ngo-2025 udale intela entsha engu-1% kwezinye izinto ezidluliselwa kwamanye amazwe. Isebenza ekudlulisweni okwenziwe ngoJanuwari 1, 2026 noma ngemuva kwalokho. Ukhokha intela uma unikeza inkampani yokudlulisa imali, i-oda lemali, isheke le-cashier, noma ifomu elifanayo lokukhokha. Inkampani iqoqa intela kuwe lapho uthumela imali.

$ 300 ikhokhwe ngokheshi × 1% = $ 3 intela

$ 3 × izinyanga ezingu-12 = $ 36 ngonyaka, uma uthumela u- $ 300 ngokheshi njalo ngenyanga

Intela ayisebenzi uma imali ivela ku-akhawunti ebhange lase-US noma inyunyana yesikweletu, noma lapho ukhokha ngekhadi lasebhange noma ikhadi lesikweletu elikhishwe e-United States. Uma une-akhawunti, ukuthumela kusuka kuyo kugwema intela.

Qaphela amakhadi wesikweletu. Ezinye izinkampani zamakhadi ziphatha ukudluliswa kwemali njengemali ekhokhwayo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemali kuvame ukuba nemali eyengeziwe, futhi inzalo ivame ukuqala ngosuku lokuqala.

Qaphela

Imikhonyovu esebenzisa ukudluliswa kwemali

Lapho imali ithathwa kwelinye izwe, kunzima kakhulu ukuyibuyisela. Abakhohlisi bayakwazi lokhu. Yeka uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

Ucingo noma umyalezo uthi isihlobo sisejele, esibhedlela, noma sithunjiwe, futhi kufanele uthumele imali manje. Qeda ucingo. Bese ushayela isihlobo sakho noma elinye ilungu lomndeni ngenombolo oyaziyo.
Umuntu ohlangane naye ku-inthanethi, kodwa ungalokothi ube mathupha, ucela imali yethikithi, i-visa, noma izikweletu zezokwelapha.
Oshayela ucingo uthi bavela ku-IRS, ezokufuduka, noma emaphoyiseni futhi bafuna ukukhokhwa ngokudluliswa kwemali. Ama-ejensi kahulumeni awakuceli ukuthi ukhokhe ngale ndlela.
Uwine umklomelo noma i-lottery, kodwa kufanele ukhokhe imali kuqala.
Ukunikezwa komsebenzi noma umngane aku-inthanethi kukucela ukuthi uthole imali ku-akhawunti yakho bese uyithumela komunye umuntu. Lokhu kukwenza ube yi-mule yemali. Imali ivame ukwebiwa. Ungalahlekelwa yi-akhawunti yakho yasebhange noma kufanele ukhokhe imali. Amaphoyisa angase futhi aphenye wena, futhi abantu abahambisa imali eyebiwe bangabhekana namacala obugebengu.

Uma uthumele imali ku-scammer, xhumana nenkampani yokudlulisa ngokushesha. Cela ukuthi uyeke noma ubuyisele emuva ukudluliswa. Bese ubike umkhonyovu ku-ReportFraud.ftc.gov (ngeSpanishi: ReporteFraude.ftc.gov). Funda kabanzi esifundweni sethu ngemikhonyovu ebhekiswe kubantu abasha.

Qhathanisa izinketho zakho

Kunezindlela ezintathu ezijwayelekile zokuthumela imali kwelinye izwe:

Amabhange nezinyunyana zezikweletu. Kuyasiza uma wena nomndeni wakho ninama-akhawunti. Amanani ayahlukahluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke cela imali kanye nesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa.
Izinkampani zokudlulisa imali ezinezitolo. Umndeni wakho uvame ukulanda imali. Kunezindawo eziningi ezindaweni ezisendaweni ye-DC. Uma ukhokha ngokheshi, intela engu-1% iyasebenza.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi. Lezi zivame ukubiza kancane. Imvamisa ukhokha nge-akhawunti yasebhange noma ikhadi lasebhange, eligwema intela engu-1%.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uthumele, bheka lolu hlu lokuhlola:

Ngiqhathanise okungenani izinkampani ezimbili ngosuku olufanayo, ngenani elifanayo.
Ngiqhathanisa inani elizotholwa ngumndeni wami, hhayi nje imali ekhokhwayo.
Ngiyazi ukuthi intela engu-1% isebenza yini endleleni engiyikhokhayo.
Ngiyazi ukuthi imali izofika ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi umndeni wami uzoyithola kanjani.
Ngibheke igama, inombolo yocingo kanye nenombolo ye-akhawunti yomuntu othola imali.
Ngigcine irisidi kanye nenombolo yokuqinisekisa.

Ithiphu

Uhlelo lokusekelwa komndeni

Faka ukwesekwa komndeni ohlelweni lwakho lokusetshenziswa kwenyanga, ngendlela efanayo ohlela ngayo ukuqasha. Khetha inani nosuku ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma inkampani yakho ikhokhisa imali yokudluliswa ngakunye, ukudluliswa okukodwa okukhulu ngenyanga kuvame ukubiza ngaphansi kwezincane ezimbalwa. Khuluma nomndeni wakho ngalokho abakudingayo nokuthi nini, ukuze ulungele. Funda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwemali.

Izinto ezibalulekile

Izindleko zangempela yimali kanye nenani lokushintshanisa. Qhathanisa ukuthi umndeni wakho uzothola malini.
Ngaphambi kokukhokha, kufanele uthole ukudalulwa okukhombisa izimali, izintela, izinga lokushintshanisa, kanye nenani elizotholwa ngumndeni wakho.
Imvamisa ungakhansela kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 mahhala, futhi unezinsuku eziyi-180 zokubika iphutha.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2026, intela kahulumeni engu-1% isebenza ekudlulisweni okukhokhelwe ngokheshi, i-oda lemali, noma isheke le-cashier. Ukukhokha kusuka ku-akhawunti yasebhange yase-US noma ngekhadi lesikweletu lase-US kugwema.
Ungalokothi uthumele imali kumuntu omaziyo ku-inthanethi kuphela, futhi ungalokothi uvume ukuthola imali bese uyithumela kumuntu ongamazi noma umsebenzi.

Qhubekela phambili

Amawebhusayithi athembekile lapho ungafunda khona kabanzi. Lezi zixhumanisi ziya kwamanye amawebhusayithi angasebenzi yi-Dollar Scholars.

Kuyini ukudluliswa kwemali futhi ayini amalungelo ami? (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) · Ulimi: English

Amalungelo akho kahulumeni lapho uthumela imali kwelinye izwe: ukudalulwa, ukukhansela kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30, nokulungisa amaphutha.
Ukudluliswa kwemali (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) · Ulimi: English

Izimpendulo mayelana nokuthumela imali phesheya, kufaka phakathi ukuthi ungabika kanjani inkinga nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa kokudlulisa imali.
Okufanele Ukwazi Ngaphambi Kokuthumela Imali (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) · Ulimi: English

Imikhonyovu ejwayelekile ecela ukuthi ucinge imali, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma usuvele uthumele imali ku-scammer.
Lo que hay que saber antes de hacer una transferencia de dinero (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) · Ulimi: Español

Inguqulo yolimi lweSpanishi yomhlahlandlela we-FTC wokukhwabanisa kokudluliswa kwentambo.

Lesi sifundo yimfundo ejwayelekile yezezimali, hhayi iseluleko sezomthetho, sentela noma sezezimali. Imithetho nemali iyashintsha, ngakho-ke hlola izinombolo ezibalulekile ngomthombo osemthethweni.