Izinketho zamasheya - ama-akhawunti asebhange asebenzayo kuwe · Isifundo 2 3

Amabhange, izinyunyana zezikweletu, izinhlelo zokusebenza, namasheke amasheke: yini evikelekile nokuthi kubiza malini

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi imali yakho yomshuwalense ngempela, nokuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo zemali zansuku zonke ezibiza isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. (About 15 min, 5 quiz questions)

Kulesi sifundo

Yini ozoyifunda

Tshela umehluko phakathi kwamabhange anomshuwalense we-FDIC, izinyunyana zezikweletu ezinomshuwalense we-NCUA, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingewona amabhange.
Hlola ukuthi imali yakho inyomshuwalense, futhi uchaze ukuthi yini engenzeka uma inkampani ephakathi yohlelo lokusebenza yehluleka.
Bala izindleko zonyaka zokukhokha isheke kanye nezimali zekhadi elikhokhelwa kusengaphambili bese uyiqhathanisa ne-akhawunti engabizi kakhulu.
Sebenzisa izinyathelo ezilula ukugwema imali ekhokhwayo kanye nezinye izimali ezijwayelekile ze-akhawunti.

Ukuthi lokhu kuxhumene kanjani namakilasi ethu: Ikilasi lethu liqhathanisa amabhange, izinyunyana zezikweletu, nabanye abahlinzeki, futhi lichaza ukuthi yini umshuwalense wediphozithi. Lesi sifundo sikukhombisa ukuthi ungahlola kanjani ukuthi imali yakho inyomshuwalense, engeza ukuthi amasheke kanye namakhadi akhokhelwa kusengaphambili abiza kanjani ngonyaka, futhi akunikeze uhlu lokuhlola lokugwema izimali.

Amagama okumele wazi

Umshuwalense wediphozithi (Deposit insurance): Ukuvikelwa kukahulumeni okukhokhela imali yakho, kuze kufike emkhawulweni, uma ibhange elinomshuwalense noma inyunyana yesikweletu yehluleka.
I-FDIC (FDIC): I-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. I-ejensi yase-US eqinisekisa amadiphozithi emabhange.
I-NCUA (NCUA): I-National Credit Union Administration. I-ejensi yase-US eqinisekisa idiphozithi ezinyunyana zezikweletu ezingumshuwalense kahulumeni.
Inkampani ye-Fintech (Fintech company): Inkampani yezobuchwepheshe enikeza izinsizakalo zemali ngohlelo lokusebenza noma iwebhusayithi. Abaningi abawona amabhange futhi bagcina imali yakho ebhange lozakwethu.
I-Overdraft (Overdraft): Uma uchitha imali eningi kunaleyo onayo ku-akhawunti yakho futhi ibhange liyikhokha noma kunjalo. Amabhange avame ukukhokhisa imali ngalokhu.
Ikhadi elikhokhelwa kusengaphambili (Prepaid card): Ikhadi olilayisha ngemali ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa. Uchitha kuphela imali ekhadini.

Ngubani ovikela imali yakho

Uma ugcina imali ebhange elinomshuwalense noma inyunyana yesikweletu, umshuwalense wediphozithi uyawuvikela. Uma ibhange noma inyunyana yesikweletu yehluleka, uhulumeni uyakukhokhela, kuze kube ngumkhawulo. Ama-ejensi amabili ase-US enza lokhu:

I-FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) iqinisekisa idiphozithi emabhange.
I-NCUA (National Credit Union Administration) inshuwalense yediphozithi ezinyunyana zezikweletu ezinomshuwalense kahulumeni.

Bobabili bahlanganisa kuze kufike ku- $ 250,000 umuntu ngamunye, ibhange ngalinye elinomshuwalense noma inyunyana yesikweletu, ngohlobo ngalunye lobunikazi be-akhawunti. Isibonelo, i-akhawunti egameni lakho kuphela kanye ne-akhawunti ehlangene nomlingani wakho yizinhlobo ezimbili zobunikazi ezihlukene. Kusukela i-FDIC yaqala ngo-1933, akekho ofake imali olahlekelwe yimali yomshuwalense we-FDIC.

Umshuwalense uhlanganisa ama-akhawunti okuhlola, ama-akhawunti okonga, ama-akhawunti emakethe yemali, nezitifiketi zediphozithi (CDs). Ayihlanganisi amasheya, amabhondi, izimali ezihlangene, ama-annuities, umshuwalense wokuphila, i-crypto, noma lokho okugcina ebhokisini lediphozi eliphephile, noma ngabe uzithenge ebhange.

Hlola ama-cashers, izitolo ze-pawn, nababolekisi besikhathi sokukhokha akuzona amabhange, futhi abanikezi umshuwalense wediphozithi. Imali ekhaya nayo ayinayo inshuwalense.

Ukuhlola ibhange, sebenzisa i-FDIC BankFind. Ukuhlola inyunyana yesikweletu, sebenzisa i-NCUA Credit Union Locator.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi akuzona amabhange

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ukukhokhelwa, ukonga noma ukuthumela imali. Ezinye zalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zibukeka njengamabhange. Kepha eziningi ziqhutshwa yizinkampani zobuchwepheshe, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izinkampani ze-fintech. I-FDIC ayifaki umshuwalense izinkampani ezingewona amabhange.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zigcina imali yakho ebhange lozakwethu. Imali yakho ingase ibe nomshuwalense uma ihlala ngempela ebhange elinomshuwalense we-FDIC futhi amarekhodi akhombisa ukuthi kungakanani okwakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umshuwalense wokudlula. Kepha umshuwalense ukhokha kuphela uma ibhange lozakwethu lihluleka. Akukuvikeli uma inkampani yohlelo lokusebenza, noma inkampani ephakathi phakathi kohlelo lokusebenza nebhange, yehluleka.

Lokhu kwenzeke ngempela. Ngo-Ephreli 2024, inkampani ephakathi nendawo ebizwa ngeSynapse yaqothuka. Amarekhodi ayo awahambisani namarekhodi emabhange abalingani bayo. Izinkulungwane zabantu abasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezixhunywe kuSynapse abakwazanga ukuthola imali yabo amasonto noma izinyanga.

Indlela yokuhlola uhlelo lokusebenza

Funda imigomo yohlelo lokusebenza noma ukuphrinta okuncane ezansi kwewebhusayithi yayo. Thola igama lebhange lozakwethu. Ungabona amagama anjengokuthi "Izinsizakalo zebhange ezinikezwe [igama lasebhange], ilungu le-FDIC."
Bheka lelo bhange ku-FDIC BankFind ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi linomshuwalense.
Buza uhlelo lokusebenza: Kwenzekani ngemali yami uma inkampani yakho yehluleka? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuyibuyisela?
Uma ungaqinisekisi, shayela i-FDIC ku-1-877-ASK-FDIC (1-877-275-3342).
Gcina kuphela lokho okudingayo ekusebenziseni kwansuku zonke kuhlelo lokusebenza. Gcina imali yakho ku-akhawunti ngqo ebhange elinomshuwalense noma enyunyana yesikweletu.

Isibonelo

Kubiza malini ukutshalwa kwezimali ngonyaka owodwa

UMarcus usebenza endaweni yokudlela eHyattsville, eMaryland. Uthola inkokhelo yephepha engu- $ 1,000 kabili ngenyanga. Uyifaka esitolo sokukhokha isheke esikhokhisa u-2% wesheke ngalinye. Ubuye athenge ama-oda amathathu ngenyanga ukukhokha irenti, ugesi, kanye ne-bill yakhe yocingo. Imali iyahlukahluka ngesitolo nangesifundazwe. Lezi yizibonelo zezimali.

Unyaka owodwa wezindleko: isheke le-casher uma kuqhathaniswa ne-akhawunti ephansi (isibonelo sezimali)
Izindleko	Hlola i-casher	I-akhawunti engabizi kakhulu
Ukukhokha amasheke angama-24 ($ 20 lilinye)	$ 480	$ 0 (idiphozi eqondile)
Ama-oda emali angama-36 ($ 1.50 ngamunye)	$ 54	$ 0 (mahhala online bill pay)
Imali ye-akhawunti yanyanga zonke ($ 5 × 12)	$ 0	$ 60
Ingqikithi yonyaka	$ 534	$ 60

$ 534 - $ 60 = $ 474 ngaphezulu ngonyaka ku-casher yesheke

Hlola izibalo: I-2% ye- $ 1,000 ingu- $ 20. Amasheke amabili ngenyanga izinyanga eziyi-12 amasheke angama-24, kanti ama-24 × $ 20 = $ 480.

Amakhadi akhokhelwa kusengaphambili kanye namakhadi okukhokha

Ikhadi elikhokhelwa kusengaphambili lingasiza uma ungakwazi ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange njengamanje. Uchitha kuphela lokho okulayisha kuwo, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuchitha imali engaphezu kwalokho onakho. Kepha imali inganezela.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uthenge eyodwa, funda ibhokisi lemali emfushane ephaketheni noma kuwebhusayithi. Umthetho kahulumeni uthi kufanele ubhale izimali eziyinhloko ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke amakhadi: imali yanyanga zonke, imali yokuthenga ngakunye, imali ye-ATM, imali yokwengeza imali, imali yesevisi yamakhasimende, kanye nemali yokungasebenzisi ikhadi. I-CFPB ichaza ukuthi ungayifunda kanjani ku-Understand your prepaid card disclosure.

Nasi isibonelo. Ake sithi ikhadi likhokhisa imali engu- $ 5 ngenyanga, i- $ 3.95 isikhathi ngasinye lapho ungeza imali, kanye ne- $ 2.50 ngokuhoxiswa kwe-ATM ngayinye. Ungeza imali izikhathi ezi-4 bese usebenzisa i-ATM izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga:

$ 5 imali yanyanga zonke + (4 imithwalo yemali × $ 3.95) + (2 ATM ukuhoxiswa × $ 2.50) = $ 25.80 ngenyanga

Ngalezi zibonelo zezimali, ikhadi libiza u- $ 309.60 ngonyaka. I-akhawunti yasebhange enemali ekhokhwayo yenyanga engu- $ 5 ibiza u- $ 60 ngonyaka.

Amalungelo akho

Bhalisa ikhadi lakho. Amakhadi abhalisiwe anokuvikelwa uma ikhadi lilahlekile noma lebiwe, inqobo nje uma ubika inkinga ngokushesha.
Amakhadi okukhokha ayisinqumo. Umqashi wakho akakwazi ukukuphoqa ukuthi uthole inkokhelo yakho ekhadini lokukhokha. Buza ukuthi ungakhokha kanjani, njengediphozithi eqondile ku-akhawunti oyikhethayo.
Hlola ukuthi ngubani ophethe imali. Thola igama lebhange elikhipha ikhadi, bese ulihlola ku-FDIC BankFind.

I-Overclock: Kwenzeka kanjani nokuthi ungayigwema kanjani

I-overdraft yenzeka lapho uchitha imali eningi kunaleyo onayo ku-akhawunti yakho futhi ibhange liyikhokha noma kunjalo. Amabhange amaningi akhokhisa imali nge-overdraft ngayinye. Ukuthenga okuncane ngosuku olulodwa olubi kungaholela emalini eningi.

Unelungelo elibalulekile. Ngokuhoxiswa kwe-ATM nokuthengwa kwekhadi lasebhange lesikhathi esisodwa, ibhange noma inyunyana yesikweletu ayikwazi ukukukhokhisa imali ye-overdraft ngaphandle kokuthi uvumelane kuqala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukungena. Uma ungakhethi, ibhange lizokwenqaba ukuthenga, futhi awukhokhi imali ye-overdraft. Ungashintsha ukukhetha kwakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Lo mthetho awuhlanganisi amasheke, izinkokhelo ze-bill ezizenzakalelayo, noma izinkokhelo zekhadi eziphindaphindiwe njengokubhaliswa kwanyanga zonke. Lezi zingaholela emalini ye-overdraft noma imali yokukhokha okubuyiselwe.

Buza ibhange lakho ukuthi ukhetha yini ukungena. Uma ukhona futhi ungafuni, khetha ukuphuma.
Vula izaziso zebhalansi ephansi ngombhalo noma nge-imeyili, ngokwesibonelo lapho ibhalansi yakho yehla ngaphansi kwe- $ 100.
Hlola ibhalansi yakho kuhlelo lokusebenza noma ku-ATM ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Bhala phansi izinsuku izikweletu zakho ezizenzakalelayo ezikhokhwa ngazo. Gcina imali eyanele ku-akhawunti ngalezo zinsuku.
Uma ukhokhiswa imali, shayela ibhange bese ulicela ngenhlonipho ukuthi lisuse imali. Kwesinye isikhathi ibhange lizovuma.

Qaphela

Imali emangaza abantu

Ama-akhawunti "wamahhala" akhokhisa imali yanyanga zonke lapho ibhalansi yakho yehla ngaphansi kobuncane.
Ukusebenzisa i-ATM yelinye ibhange. Ungakhokha imali ebhange lakho nenye imali kumnikazi we-ATM.
Imali "yokudlulisa okusheshayo" kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhokha. Ukudluliswa okujwayelekile kuvame ukukhululeka kepha kuthatha isikhathi eside.
Ukukhokha isitolo ukukhokhela isheke lokubuyiselwa kwentela noma isheke likahulumeni, lapho idiphozi eqondile imahhala.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithi "i-FDIC-insured" ngezinhlamvu ezinkulu kodwa ubambe imali yakho ngenkampani ephakathi.

Uhlu lokuhlola: Khetha indawo efanele yemali yakho

Yibhange elinomshuwalense we-FDIC noma inyunyana yesikweletu enomshuwalense we-NCUA. Ngihlole i-BankFind noma i-NCUA locator.
Uma kuyi-app, ngiyalazi igama lebhange lomlingani wakho.
Ngiyazi ukuthi imali ekhokhwayo yanyanga zonke nokuthi ungayigwema kanjani.
I-akhawunti ayinayo imali ye-overdraft, noma angizange ngikhethe ukungena ku-overdraft yokusetshenziswa kwekhadi lasebhange ne-ATM.
Kukhona ama-ATM wamahhala eduze nekhaya lami noma emsebenzini.
Ngingathola inkokhelo yami ngediphozi eqondile futhi ngikhokhe izikweletu ku-inthanethi mahhala.
Ngingathola usizo ngolimi lwami.

Ukulungele ukuvula i-akhawunti? Funda Ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange, ngisho nangaphandle kwe-SSN.

Ithiphu

Bheka futhi izinkampani zezikweletu

Izinyunyana zezikweletu ziphethwe ngamalungu azo futhi zivame ukuba nezimali eziphansi. Izinyunyana eziningi zezikweletu endaweni ye-DC zikuvumela ukuthi ujoyine uma uhlala, usebenza, ukhulekela, noma uya esikoleni endaweni ethile, noma uma umqashi wakho ungumlingani. Buza inyunyana yezikweletu eseduze nawe ukuthi ungaba kanjani ilungu.

Izinto ezibalulekile

Umshuwalense we-FDIC uhlanganisa amadiphozithi asebhange futhi umshuwalense we-NCUA uhlanganisa amadiphozithi ezinyunyana zesikweletu, kuze kufike ku- $ 250,000 umuntu ngamunye, isikhungo ngasinye, ngohlobo ngalunye lobunikazi.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zemali akuzona amabhange. Thola igama lebhange lozakwethu bese ulihlola ku-FDIC BankFind.
Umshuwalense wediphozithi awukuvikeli uma inkampani yohlelo lokusebenza noma inkampani ephakathi kwehluleka.
Imali encane iyanezela. Ukukhokha imali esitolo kungabiza amakhulu amaRandi ngonyaka.
Ibhange alikwazi ukukhokhisa imali engaphezulu kokuhoxiswa kwe-ATM noma ukuthengwa kwekhadi lasebhange elilodwa ngaphandle kokuthi ungene.

Qhubekela phambili

Amawebhusayithi athembekile lapho ungafunda khona kabanzi. Lezi zixhumanisi ziya kwamanye amawebhusayithi angasebenzi yi-Dollar Scholars.

Ukuqonda umshuwalense wediphozithi (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) · Ulimi: English

Yini umshuwalense we-FDIC ohlanganisayo, umkhawulo we- $ 250,000, izinhlobo zobunikazi, nemikhiqizo engafakwanga umshuwalense.
Ukubhanga ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zenkampani yangaphandle (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) · Ulimi: English

Isebenza kanjani umshuwalense lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lubamba imali yakho ebhange lozakwethu, nokuthi ungalihlola kanjani ibhange.
Transacciones bancarias con aplicaciones de terceros (Enye iwebhusayithi)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) · Ulimi: Español

Inguqulo yolimi lweSpanishi yomhlahlandlela we-FDIC wokubhanga ngezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Yabelana ngomshuwalense (Enye iwebhusayithi)
National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) · Ulimi: English

Ukuthi amadiphozithi ezinyunyana zezikweletu ezinomshuwalense kahulumeni avikelekile kanjani, nokuthi ungahlola kanjani inyunyana yesikweletu.

Lesi sifundo yimfundo ejwayelekile yezezimali, hhayi iseluleko sezomthetho, sentela noma sezezimali. Imithetho nemali iyashintsha, ngakho-ke hlola izinombolo ezibalulekile ngomthombo osemthethweni.