Ukuvala igebe lobulili: Ukuhlomisa abesifazane ngokufunda nokubhala kwezezimali

Ukufunda nokubhala kwezezimali kubalulekile ekufezeni ukuphepha komuntu siqu nezezimali, kepha ukungalingani okukhulu ngokobulili kusekhona. Abesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abavela emiphakathini encishisiwe, bavame ukuba namazinga aphansi olwazi lwezezimali uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa. Leli gebe lingaba nemiphumela emibi, linciphise ikhono labesifazane lokwenza izinqumo zezezimali ezinolwazi nokuhlela ikusasa labo.

Ucwaningo luhlala lukhombisa ukuthi abesifazane bathola amaphuzu aphansi ezivivinyweni zokufunda nokubhala kwezezimali kunabesilisa. Umbiko we-2020 ovela ku-Global Financial Literacy Excellence Center (GFLEC) uthole ukuthi abesifazane emhlabeni wonke mancane amathuba okuthi baphendule imibuzo eyisisekelo yezezimali ngendlela efanele, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokutshalwa kwezimali, isabelomali, nokuhlela umhlalaphansi. E-United States, I-National Financial Capability Study (NFCS) yi-FINRA iveze ukuthi abesifazane banezikolo eziphansi zokufunda kwezezimali uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa, ikakhulukazi ekuqondeni imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi yezezimali efana nokwehla kwamandla emali kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezingozi.

Ukuhlaziywa kwethu kwedatha, kusetshenziswa idatha ye-OECD PISA ka-2022, kuveza ukuthi abesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala besikole esiphakeme mancane amathuba okuthi bathole imfundo yezezimali emazweni amaningana. E-United States kunegebe elicishe libe ngamaphesenti ama-2 phakathi kwamaphesenti amadoda athola imfundo esemthethweni yezezimali esikoleni esiphakeme, kanye namaphesenti abesifazane abathola imfundo esemthethweni yezezimali esikoleni esiphakeme. Yize umehluko ungabalulekile ngokwezibalo, ukhombisa ngokuqinile, ikakhulukazi kumongo weminye imininingwane evela eqenjini lethu lokulinganisa laseBrazil, Canada, Italy, Norway naseSpain. Kuwo wonke amazwe ngaphandle kwe-United States neNorway, kunomehluko omkhulu wezibalo phakathi kobulili maqondana nokufinyelela kwemfundo esemthethweni yezezimali.

* Ikhombisa umehluko obalulekile ngokwezibalo emazingeni ajwayelekile okuzethemba (95%).

Umthelela wokungafundi kwezezimali kwabesifazane

Imiphumela yokungafundi kwezezimali ibalulekile kwabesifazane. Ngaphandle kokuqonda okuqinile kwemigomo yezezimali, abesifazane bangase babe nenkinga yokuphatha imali yabo, okuholela ekuqongeleleni izikweletu nokulondolozwa okunganele. Abesifazane maningi amathuba okuthi bathathe ikhefu lomsebenzi ukuze banakekele, futhi baphile isikhathi eside, okungadinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe maqondana nokuhlelwa kwezezimali kwesikhathi eside. Lokhu kukhathaza kakhulu ekuhleleni umhlalaphansi, lapho ukuntuleka kolwazi ngezinketho zokutshala imali noma ama-akhawunti omhlalaphansi kungashiya abesifazane bengakulungele ikusasa labo lezezimali.

Abesifazane bavame ukuthola imali engaphansi kwabesilisa, kanti igebe lokukhokha ngokobulili lase-US lihlala cishe ku-17% ngo-2023, ngokusho kwe-US Federal Government's Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Ukuntuleka kokufunda kwezezimali kungenzeka kube yinto enkulu ekunciphiseni ikhono labesifazane lokuxoxisana ngamaholo noma ukuqonda imigomo yezezimali ezivumelwaneni, okuqhubekisela phambili igebe lokukhokha ngokobulili.

Ukubhekana Nenkinga: Ukubaluleka Kwemfundo Yezezimali

Ukuhlinzeka ngemfundo yezezimali efinyelelekayo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuvaleni igebe lobulili. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izinhlelo zemfundo yezezimali zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuziphatha kwezezimali, njengokulondoloza, ukuphathwa kwezikweletu nokutshala imali. Umbiko we-OECD ka-2021 uthole ukuthi imfundo yezezimali, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo ezenzelwe abesifazane, zingathuthukisa ukwenza izinqumo zezezimali futhi zikhulise ukuzethemba.

* Ikhombisa umehluko obalulekile ngokwezibalo emazingeni ajwayelekile okuzethemba (95%).

Amathuluzi okufunda nokubhala kwezezimali edijithali asebenza kakhulu ekufinyeleleni abesifazane emiphakathini enganakekelwa. Umbiko weBhange Lomhlaba ka-2022 uveze ukuthi izinhlelo zemfundo yezezimali ezisuselwa kumaselula zinikeza indlela efinyelelekayo futhi eguquguqukayo yokuthi abesifazane bathole ulwazi lwezezimali, bephula izithiyo ezifana nokwehluka kolimi nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kwezinsizakusebenza zomuntu.

Sekukonke, igebe lobulili ekufundeni kwezezimali lihlala liyisithiyo ekuthuthukisweni kwezezimali kwabesifazane. Ngokubhekana naleli gebe ngemfundo ehlosiwe, efana nohlobo esihlose ukuluhlinzeka ku-Dollar Scholars, singahlomisa abesifazane ngolwazi nokuzethemba ukwenza izinqumo zezezimali ezinolwazi.